The first Malayalam film, titled Vigathakumaran, was released in 1928. It was a silent film, produced and directed by a businessman with no prior film experience, J. C. Daniel. The second film ,Marthanda Varma, based on a novel by C. V. Raman Pillai, was produced in 1933.
Ramu Karyat, the director of Neelakkuyil went on to become a celebrated director in the 1960's and 1970's. P. Bhaskaran also directed a few acclaimed films in the 1960's. The cameraman of Neelakkuyil, A. Vincent also became a noted director of the 1960's and 1970's. Notable films of this decade include Odeyil Ninnu, Bhargavi Nilayam (1964), Chemmeen (1965), Murappennu (1965) and Iruttinte Atmavu (1966).
The 70s saw the emergence of a new wave of cinema in Malayalam. The growth of film society movement in Kerala introduced the works of the French and Italian New Wave directors to the discerning Malayali film enthusiasts. Adoor Gopalakrishnan's first film Swayamvaram (1972) brought Malayalam cinema to the international film arena.
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